MANAGERIAL TRAITS AND SKILLS Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MANAGERIAL TRAITS AND SKILLS - Dissertation Example The trait of being self-confident and tolerant to stress plays a very important role to be creative and tactfully handle situation. Dominant nature of the individual helps to lead a team and organise managerial activities in his/her own way of working. The trait of being ambitious facilitates the process of achievement of certain task for the leader. As a researcher how would you establish if those traits are fundamental to the effectiveness of the leader? A leader should have the traits within to be successful in the implementation process. An informative leader has the capability to understand the methods and the processes to manage the technical aspects of the managerial activities for the different organisational units. The conceptual skill of the person grows the creativity and foresight involves in the process of judgment and manage critical situation in the organization. The interpersonal skill of an individual helps to understand the human behaviour or any processes and take decision according to the motives of the others and will be able to communicate with the surroundings. These are the traits required by a person to be a successful leader in the long run. Reference Changing Minds.org. (2011). Trait Theory.

Airtel New Advertising Campaign A Critical Analysis Marketing Essay

Airtel New Advertising Campaign A Critical Analysis Marketing Essay The first question we encounter in the study of advertising and brand promotions as students is why advertising? Is it really important? After all, how much role does promotion play as part of the 4Ps in realizing the ultimate marketing objectives of the brand or the company? The new advertisement campaign of Airtel provides a fascinating case that helps us in studying these questions with all their criticalities. Background Airtel is an Indian multinational telecom service provider with presence across 19 countries. In India it is one of the most reputed brands. Outside India, it is known as Zain in Africa and Warid in Bangladesh. Having revolutionized the telecom industry in the fifteen years since its inception, Airtel decided to reposition the brand with a new logo, jingle and advertisements so as to have a uniform presence world-wide. The idea behind the new positioning was to signify Airtels journey towards the new world of digitization. It wanted to make its presence felt in the 3 G, social media and mobile based e-commerce space and connect with the new age customers. Hence a London based ad agency came up with the new logo with letter a in lowercase, with Airtel written beneath it in lowercase. In the words of Sanjay Kapoor, the CEO of Bharti Airtel, The new logo is modern ,vibrant , friendly and signifies Airtels commitment to reach out to its shareholders and consumers , the letters in the low ercase is a symbol of its humility . New logo Old Logo http://www.afaqs.com/all/news/images/news_story_grfx/2010/28828_2.jpg http://www.afaqs.com/all/news/images/news_story_grfx/2010/28828_1.jpg The Launch The new logo is paired with the tagline Dil jo chahe pass laye again reinforcing Airtels commitment to the users. The new look was promoted through all the advertising channels such as TV, print, outdoor and digital campaigns. In an attempt to make the customers identify with the new look, Airtel even launched a campaign where the customers had to name the new logo of Airtel .To reemphasize the new look of the Airtel ,A.R Rehman was roped in to compose a fresh jingle for Airtel . The story so far looked good .With the big names such as JWT, Madison Media Plus, Digitas and Web chutney  working behind the campaign, one could have been assured of the success of the campaign. The Backlash What happened next took everyone by surprise. Social media space and newspapers alike were abuzz with the negative criticism of the new look and campaign. Social media conversations about the rebranding exercise In a survey conducted by brand monitor analysis the sentiment of tweets, the results showed that Almost  62%  of the conversations about the new Airtel logo were negative   Facebook discussions and LinkedIn discussions the Position team analyzed, 3 distinct themes around the reactions emerged: Approximately  15% of the conversations were direct comparisons  of the new Airtel logo to the Videocon and Vodafone logos Approximately  10%  of the conversations suggested that Airtel should have invested money in improving their customer service and network availability instead A very small minority  (1%) called for a reinstatement of the old logo  or a fresh redesign exercise (Source: http://blogs.position2.com/airtel-brand-revamp-social-media-response) Fans even went to the extent of comparing the logo with Videocon Vodafone logo Click to enlarge: Logo Comparisons Created by a fan Primary Research In order to get a first-hand account of the user reaction the Airtels new advertising campaign I interviewed some fellow B school students who have done their specialization in marketing. Given below are excerpts of some of the interviews Sayan Majumder: I dont connect with new brand identity of Airtel .I had more emotional attachment with the previous one. It is true that a company needs to know to evolve but there was no need for Airtel to rebrand itself. It could have focused on providing more on customer satisfaction Sakyabrata Dutta: Airtel visual appeal has gone for a toss .In an attempt to appeal to a global audience the advertisement has lost its local flavor Sandeep Somisetty: The new promotion strategies of Airtel are definitely a deliberate attempt to connect with the young 3G audience. The focus on technology as the underlying theme of its advertisements definitely reinforces the brand as a technology savvy one. However, I am not sure how much this drastic brand repositioning will translate into enhanced top-line growth for the company. From my little knowledge of the telecom sector, most of the sources of revenue lie in the untapped rural market. It is hard to find them connect with this new urban, cosmopolitan avatar of the brand. The Learning In spite of the initial negative sentiments ,consumers have now started to connect with new brand identity and may eventually come to like it .But whatever may be the final results for Airtel ,this campaign will always be remembered for the fuss it created and a few lessons an advertising professional can learn. Customers own the brand for them its a way of life and any change in the brand proposition should be done taking customer into consideration; otherwise the millions spend on advertising just go down the drain. Such a fiasco can even affect the sales of the company. In one instance a salesman was dejected that the shopkeepers were making fun of the new merchandise of the Airtel. Advertisement forms an integral part of the marketing of a brand. It is a means to reach the consumers and should be designed keeping in mind the final marketing objective to be achieved. Finally, advertisers should learn that If it aint broke, dont fix it. The Airtel brand itself was build through years of tremendous hard work exemplary performance. It is not clear what prompted this change of positioning, may be the recent telecom troubles acted as catalysts. However, evidences suggest that whatever be the motive, it was not successful. The brand managers of Airtel may be forced to take a lesson like those at Coca-Cola who famously introduced the New Coke in 1985 in response to Pepsi had to take it back after huge consumer backlash.

Essay --

Multispeed vs reduced voltage control starter Mohammad Amin Hilal 60061058 CM 2181-2 Miss. Smith March 10, 2014 Table content: 1.0 Introduction Centrifugal pump is a type of pump which increases the pressure of fluid and solid atom mixture over centrifugal force. This is the pump used for slurry pumping. In addition, the pump is also capable of converting electrical energy into slurry potential and kinetic energy. Furthermore, slurry pumps are generally used to carrying corrosive or abrasive high concentration slurry in many industries. The purpose of the report is to compare two different starters for slurry pumping, namely, multispeed and reduced voltage speed control starter, and recommend one based on cost maintenance and efficiency. 2.0 Background The engineering department at KSB Company has assigned me as project manager and has given me the task of researching how to increase the efficiency of slurry pumping in our company. The objective of this report is to examine and select the best starter for the slurry pump based on the performance and the ability of the starter to save energy during the operation. Hence, this report discusses two starters, multispeed control starter and reduced voltage control starter, and analyses the main features of the two. 3.0 Technology This part will illustrate the functionality of both reduced voltage speed and multispeed control starters. Also, this will verify the main features of both the technologies and how these features will be useful in this type of application. 3.1 Reduced Voltage Speed Control Starter in Slurry Pump Energy consumption is one of most serious problem of a slurry pump. Roughly, 20 percent of energy is wasted during the startup of slurry p... ... 129(5), 5. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/218845405?accountid=12833 3. http://www05.abb.com/global/scot/scot216.nsf/veritydisplay/2205e72865c2c747c1257a620026d001/$file/Mining%20brochure_EN_lowres.pdf 4. http://www.soft-starter.co/reduced_voltage_start_comparison.html "Reduced Voltage Start." Reduced Voltage Start. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Mar. 2014 1. http://www1.eere.energy.gov/manufacturing/tech_assistance/pdfs/variable_speed_pumping.pdf 2. http://www.yaskawa.com/site/dmdrive.nsf/link2/SKUS-8GAL4E/$file/PR.AC.01.pdf Richardson, Scott. "Choosing Between Soft Starters and Drives." Choosing Between Soft Starters and Drives. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Dec. 2010. 3. http://www.controldesign.com/assets/13WPpdf/eaton-soft-starter-vs-vfd.pdf 4. http://www.chempump.com/variable-speed-drives.html "Variable Speed Drives." Home. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2013.

What will the situation for renewable energy in Europe be in 2030?

Since the beginning of the twenty-first century and even a bit before that, great technological advances have been made which are allowing more and more to extract energy out of naturally occuring phenomenons. These include for example sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves, and geothermal heat. The use of non-renewable energies such as fossil fuels is politically and economically defined just as the use of renewable energies are. Even though some more environmentally-friendly option might be available to us through renewable energies, our government might still choose to keep using non-renewable energies that are threatening to the environment such as fossil fuels, for political or economical reasons (the two being usually co-dependent). As citizens, it is out of our power which of those two energies our leaders decide to consume first. The fact that renewable energies might be readily available does not necessarily mean that they will be used. However, the political and economical reasons that can be behind the reason of a choice like this are out of the scope of this essay. The way Europe will use renewable energies in the future and in 2030 will depend on many factors. First of all, technology plays a vital role in this, as without it, renewable energies could not be extracted from the energy sources, or they could but with very little efficiency. The more advanced the technology the more likely we are to turn to renewable energies for our energy needs. In order for this to be worthwhile, the production cost of the used technologies must be much lower than the value of energy that will be extracted with them. Some of the currently used equipment used to extract energy from the environment are very expensive and must assure an interesting return on investment before anyone will consider using them. Let's take the example of wind turbines. The usual 2 megawatt commercial turbine costs around 3 million euros per piece, even though they get cheaper all the time. Considering an annual mean speed of wind of 5 meters per second (pretty low), the traditional 2MW wind turbine will give a return on investment of 3. 8% after a year. This means that there is gonna be profit already less than a year after installation. The average lifespan of wind turbines being around twenty years, the return on investment at the end of that period is very profitable. We can understand why Europe has more than one hundred thousand wind turbines in 2013. In 2013 wind turbine generated electricity is providing more than 8% of the European electricity consumption. A European Environment Agency report shows that wind turbine generated electricity could exceed by three times Europe's expected demand of electricity in 2020. This shows that the capacity of electricity production with the use of renewable energies is practically illimited, and that by using only wind turbines (provided more are installed) we can easily provide enough electricity to all of earth's inhabitants. And this is only through one source of renewable energy (wind). It is important to remember, though obvious, that the amount of wind plays an important role in wind turbine electricity production. That means that windy places with less potential capacity in terms of watts (usually holding less turbines) can produce more electricity than places that hold more turbines but on which there is little wind. Indeed, in 2011, Spain had more electricity production through wind turbines than Germany. This shows that with renewable energies, there is more than the machine we are using. The environmental condition has to be there as well, and so in the case of an unprobable geological event, some of our means of gathering renewable energies might be rendered inefficient and costly. When it comes to sun and wind, there is little to worry about though. On another aspect, the way humans will relate to nature in the future is also a very big factor of our future use or lack of use of renewable energies. Are we going to constantly grow more respectful of nature of less respectful of nature? In 2030, what will be more important for us, preserving a clean earth for our future generations or being willing to trade hurting the planet for cash? As mentioned earlier, there may be dozens of political considerations that get in the way of those decisions, and that us as citizens, are not even aware of. However, considering that our technology becomes constantly more efficient and cheaper, the most logical course of action would be that we begin to use it more and more in every area of our life, including in the extraction of renewable energies. To conclude, there is very little doubt that the situation in Europe concerning renewable energies will have improved much from today. The rate at which technology has evolved in the past years, the rate at which wind turbines and other ecological equipments have been implanted, can only promise a greener future. The numbers are also very encouraging and reassuring, as they seem to show that with the right technology we can almost unlimitedly extract renewable energies. As the amount of non-renewable and polluting energies will be scarce by 2030, we will be forced to put to use the solutions that we have already found. On top of this, as the people who used to have all of the non-renewable ressources do not have it anymore, they no longer either have the money that went along with it. And without the money, their influence on politicians and governments will be gone as well. Instead, it is likely that the wind turbines, the solar cells, the hydroelectric turbines, and the other devices will be paid and installed by all of us, and then the profit will equally get back to all of us.

Tuning in for Direct Observation with Child C Essay

I have decided to use Taylor and Devine’s (1993) model of tuning in which will look at the general category of the client, the specific client, the phase of work and my own feelings. I felt it more appropriate to use this model of tuning in as this is not my initial meeting with Child C. First Level: General Category of the Client Child C is a seven year old boy. It is important at this stage of my intervention to be aware of the issues regarding the ways in which our society treats people at such a young age. It is difficult for a child’s voice to be heard; therefore it is essential that I listen and advocate on his behalf if necessary. It is important that I have a good understanding of the relevant legislation and policies and procedures which relate to Child C. Legislation The Children (NI) Order 1995 underpins all work with children and young people to ensure safe and effective practice. I recognise the welfare of the children and young people I work with is of paramount consideration. (Article 3) The Children (NI) Order 1995 recognises that children have the right to be safeguarded from sexual, physical, emotional abuse and neglect. â€Å"It shall be the general duty of every authority to safeguard and promote the welfare of children within its area who are in need; and So far as is consistent with the duty, to promote the upbringing of these children by their families, By providing a range and level of personal social services appropriate to those children’s needs† United Nations Conventions on the Rights of the Child, Article 2 – seeking the views and wishes of the child. Data Protection Act (1998) I would advise the child that information from the sessions would be recorded on agency files. Also advising the child that they could access their files at any time. This complies with the NSPCC’s policies, standards and principles. â€Å"Service user should be advised that a system for record keeping exists and the purpose for this† (NSPCC, PSP’s) Policies and Procedures NSPCC policies reflect the underpinning of the Children (NI) Order 1995 and the NSPCC NI Elective Principles and Standards In relation to Child C the following principles and standards must be adhered to in order to ensure good practice. Principle 3 standard 2 – ‘ Service users are provided with information which allows them to make informed choices about receiving a service’ Principle 4 Standard 3 – ‘ A holistic assessment of the therapeutic needs of the service user is made and is used to inform all work subsequently undertaken’ Principle 4 standard 2 – ‘all service users and particularly children are entitled to therapeutic services which are led by the concerns they bring, proceed at their pace, take account of their level of understanding Theoretical considerations Counselling – The counselling should be time limited with clear specific tasks and goals which will try and ensure that child C continues to be motivated and involved. The sessions would be used to discuss and measure how child C is getting on and what he has been able to achieve between sessions. Child Developmental Theory – working with child C I will require knowledge of child development theory. This could be used to explain some behaviours of child C and also may highlight interventions that would be most appropriate in different situations. The main child development theories are Psycho Sexual Development – based on the work of Freud. Erikson’s Life Span Approach – provides another map of development. Piaget – developed a framework for child development based on the cognitive approach to understanding human intelligence. â€Å"Piaget sees the child as an organism adapting to his/her environment as well as a scientist constructing his/her own understanding of the world.† (Gross 1996, p626) Attachment and Bonding – as Child C has been separated from his father, knowledge of Attachment theory may be very relevant. Thompson’s PCS model – This is a model for understanding Child C’s problems in an anti oppressive view. It determines the landscape in terms of Personal, Cultural and Societal barriers to his full integration and acceptance in society. Use of this model may prove beneficial in determining the context of child C’s problem areas and in ensuring that I will be able to meet best practice requirements within an anti-oppressive framework. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy – is concerned with helping people form realistic expectations and challenging negative assumptions that have been accepted too readily. Work is given to service users so they can test elements of this intervention themselves between sessions, practice their skills and test out conclusions in their real life situations. This model of intervention is also mixed with client centred counselling, which operates on the thinking that people tend to move towards healing on their own especially if the counsellor; Listens and tries to understand how things are from the service user’s point of view. Treats the service user with the utmost respect and regard. Is â€Å"congruent† – which means being self aware, self – accepting and having  knowledge of oneself and the client. Second Level: Specific Client Child C is a seven year old boy. Having read through the referral form I am aware that Child C had been displaying aggressive and angry behaviour in school. He comes from an unsettled home life and has experienced a high level of domestic violence within his family home. Child C has spent time living with his grandmother and is currently living in Women’s Aid accommodation. There are also issues regarding maintaining regular contact with his father. On my initial session with Child C it appeared that his aggressive displays in school had reduced somewhat, following a number of counselling sessions with my colleague. Following liaising with the Link Teacher in the school and Child C’s mother it appeared that the family dynamics had changed again, resulting in feelings of distress and fear for Child C. It became apparent that Child C had witnessed a domestic incident involving his parents, which resulted in his mother and siblings leaving the family home and seeking refuge and support from Women’s Aid. Mrs C advised that this had been an extremely difficult and stressful time for the family as a whole, particularly for Child C as he has a close relationship with his father. Child C had been engaging in the service for a number of weeks prior to my first session and it was anticipated that only a few more sessions were required in order to meet the desired outcomes. Third Level: Phase of Work Throughout the sessions with Child C it appeared that he really missed living with both his parents, although he recognised that his parents argued often and this was the reason that they were not all living together at this time. However Child C did advise that he would only want the family together if  Ã¢â‚¬Å"mummy and daddy would not fight†. Following consultation with Mrs C it became apparent that domestic violence has been a major feature of her relationship with her husband and that it has been ongoing for the past eleven years. Mrs C advised that her intention at this time is that she will not be re uniting with her husband and she is in the process of initiating divorce proceedings. Mrs C advised that she has finally had enough and fears for her safety with her husband. Mrs C also advised that her husband would never touch his children as he loved them dearly; however she was aware of the emotional impact the violence was having on them. Social Services are also involved with the family and at this time arrangements are being made with the Housing Executive to house the family in another area. A Non – Molestation Order is also in place against her husband, Child C’s father. From the initial contact it appeared the main issues to be addressed were family life and protective behaviours. The focus of immediate work was to establish a relationship of unconditional positive regard. The strategies used were influenced by Egan’s Eclectic Model of developing an appropriate relationship, formulating an action plan, looking at inner resources and transferring these skills to a fresh situation. The timescale for counselling was between 4 and 6 sessions. The tools that I employed included play therapy, art therapy techniques, worksheets focusing on establishing a therapeutic and structured discussion. Child C seemed to enjoy the sessions and engaged well. The desired outcome is to support Child C in developing a rapport with an adult and gaining an understanding of protective behaviours and the support network Child C has around him, to enable him to deal with difficult situations in the future. The main risk is Child C deciding not to engage with the service. As counselling is voluntary Child C may decide not to attend. Also, if the need for a child protection issue needs to be passed on arises, the relationship between Child C and I may be jeopardized. Fourth Level: Workers Feelings I feel that my previous sessions have gone well, however I am slightly apprehensive regarding this session, as it will be observed by my practice teacher. I do feel that we have established a good working relationship and that Child C is comfortable discussing his issues and concerns in my company, however this has developed over a number of sessions, initially both of us were quite anxious. As a student social worker I still feel slightly apprehensive about working in a counselling capacity as it is new to me; however I feel that increasing my knowledge in this area has helped reduce my anxieties. I fully appreciate that Child C may ask questions that I am unable to answer. I will ensure that I advise Child C that this is the case and that I will seek advise on the matter from my team manager.

Free Essays on HMO

â€Å"In the United States of America†¦there are basically two groups of people who can’t be sued: foreign diplomats and HMOs† (Reid, 242). The ability for patients to sue their HMOs is not a guaranteed right. In most cases it’s not a right at all, at least not yet. Several cases have been won and Congress is trying to pass legislation to pave the way for this to change. Patients rely on HMOs to provide quality health care that covers their needs. Unfortunately this has not always been the case. HMOs can be negligent and can be guilty of malpractice; therefore, patients must be allowed to sue their HMOs for these wrongs. HMOs, or Health Maintenance Organizations, were created to help curb rising health costs and provide managed care instead of pay-as-you-go doctors. The problem with these for-profit organizations is that they provide health care for large numbers of patients, and thus must deny certain types of care in order to keep costs low. Keeping costs low and trying to provide care that reflects what the majority of people need means that specialized care is left out. Yet even if an HMO refuses to provide care, it cannot be sued. Denying care to patients, or having incompetent physicians are both forms of negligence. Judge Learned Hand is quoted in the article â€Å"Lawsuits Could Force HMOs to Improve Cost-Benefit Balance† stating, â€Å" negligence occurs whenever it would cost less to prevent a mishap than pay for the damages predicted to result from it†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (D11). This is definitely something that a company or individual can be sued for, but HMOs are covered by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) of 1974. ERISA restricts Bodart 2 states from writing laws relating to â€Å"employer benefit plans,† such as HMOs. It was set up to â€Å"ensure uniform national requirements for multi-state employer plans,† and to protect â€Å"self-insured health plans from potentially costly state regulation† (... Free Essays on HMO Free Essays on HMO â€Å"In the United States of America†¦there are basically two groups of people who can’t be sued: foreign diplomats and HMOs† (Reid, 242). The ability for patients to sue their HMOs is not a guaranteed right. In most cases it’s not a right at all, at least not yet. Several cases have been won and Congress is trying to pass legislation to pave the way for this to change. Patients rely on HMOs to provide quality health care that covers their needs. Unfortunately this has not always been the case. HMOs can be negligent and can be guilty of malpractice; therefore, patients must be allowed to sue their HMOs for these wrongs. HMOs, or Health Maintenance Organizations, were created to help curb rising health costs and provide managed care instead of pay-as-you-go doctors. The problem with these for-profit organizations is that they provide health care for large numbers of patients, and thus must deny certain types of care in order to keep costs low. Keeping costs low and trying to provide care that reflects what the majority of people need means that specialized care is left out. Yet even if an HMO refuses to provide care, it cannot be sued. Denying care to patients, or having incompetent physicians are both forms of negligence. Judge Learned Hand is quoted in the article â€Å"Lawsuits Could Force HMOs to Improve Cost-Benefit Balance† stating, â€Å" negligence occurs whenever it would cost less to prevent a mishap than pay for the damages predicted to result from it†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (D11). This is definitely something that a company or individual can be sued for, but HMOs are covered by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) of 1974. ERISA restricts Bodart 2 states from writing laws relating to â€Å"employer benefit plans,† such as HMOs. It was set up to â€Å"ensure uniform national requirements for multi-state employer plans,† and to protect â€Å"self-insured health plans from potentially costly state regulation† (...

United Nations and International Peace

United Nations and International Peace Introduction United Nations is an international organization, established in 1945 after the Second World War following the dire consequences of the First and the Second World Wars. Although the First World War led to the establishment of the League of Nations in order to promote international peace and security, it failed to prevent the occurrence of the Second World War. To overcome the flaws in the League of Nations, the United Nations was formed on 26 June 1945, when the Charter of the United Nations was signed by member states.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on United Nations and International Peace specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The functions of the United Nations as stipulated in the Article 1 include maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations, promoting international cooperation in problem solving and harmonization of the collective responsibility of the nations ( Auden, 1997, p. 50). This essay examines the role of the United Nations in maintenance of international peace and security, and its effectiveness as empowered by the charter. The United Nations Provisions The Charter of the United Nations Article 24 empowers the Security Council to exercise the functions of the United Nation. According to the International Court of Justice (2010), the United Nations members â€Å"confer on the Security Council primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security, and agree that in carrying out its duties under this responsibility the Security Council acts on their behalf.† The Security Council has prerogative of determining peace and security status of the member states by ensuring that every member has equal rights of protection. The Security Council should discharge its functions as stipulated in chapters VI, VII, and XII in the Charter of the United Nations. Chapter VI of the United Nations Charter deals with Paci fic Settlement of Disputes. This chapter empowers the Security Council to call disputing parties to solve any dispute â€Å"by negotiation, enquiry, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, judicial settlement, resort to regional agencies or arrangements, or other peaceful means of their own choice† (Browne, 2003, p. 16). The Security Council identify, investigate and recommend appropriate procedures of addressing situations that may threaten the maintenance of international peace and security to the International Court of Justice (Novak, 2001, p. 5). In chapter VII, the United Nations Charter gives powers to the security to â€Å"determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression and shall make recommendations, or decide what measures shall be taken in accordance with Article 41 and 42, to maintain or restore international peace and security† (Miller, 1999, p. 67). The Security Council will use all means to make sure that all it s members are protected against any threat to peace or an aggression.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In chapter VII, the United Nations Charter empowers the Security Council to ensure that any regional arrangements that involve maintenance of the international peace and security should comply with the United Nations purposes and principles. According to the Article 52, â€Å"the Security Council shall encourage the development of pacific settlement of local disputes through such regional arrangements or by such regional agencies either on the initiative of the states concerned or by reference from the Security Council† (Brader, 2005, p. 78). The Security Council should be updated â€Å"at all times about the activities undertaken or in contemplation under regional arrangements or by regional agencies for the maintenance of international peace and secur ity† (Smith, 2002, p. 33). Since the United Nations Security Council is responsible for the maintenance of peace and security worldwide, then any issues related to peace and security are of great concern lest they threaten peace and security of others. Effectiveness of the United Nations Political nature of the General Assembly and the Security Council hinder the effectiveness of the United Nations in fostering international peace and security. Simon (2009) argues that, ‘the United Nations’ efforts to preserve international peace and security are the most contentious aspect of its entire work, because of the inherently political nature of its role† (p. 23). The resolution of conflicts and disputes depend on the political orientation of the General Assembly, Security Council and member states thus complicating the issues. The decision to invade Iraq was formulated politically by George Bush and Tony Blair to deceive the world that Saddam Hussein had weapons o f mass destruction. Prados and Ames (2010), argue that, â€Å"the evidence indicates the decision was made very early, long before ultimatums to Iraq or other diplomatic action.† This shows that the main reason for Iraq invasion was political rather than a security reason. Another case is the cold war between the United State and Soviet Union where Baruch describes it as â€Å"the most important political and diplomatic issue of the early post war period† (2007). The split of the Soviet Union was due to political influence of the United Nations. Conclusion The main reason for the establishment of the United Nations was save the world against horrible consequences of war. Horrible experiences of First and Second World War made the world leaders to come together and think of various ways of preventing the future occurrence of war.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on United Nations and International Peace specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/pa ge Learn More The United Nations in its Security Council arm is fostering international peace and security through legal procedures, diplomacy and military peacekeeping. With this noble responsibility, the United Nations experiences undue political pressure as they maintain international peace and security. References Auden, H. (1997). The United Nations Charter. Human Rights Journal, 22(3): 45-53. Print. Baruch, B. (2007). Cold War. Global Security. Web. Brader, S. (2005). International Relations: Peace and Security. New York. Norton. 78. Browne, M. (2003). United Nations Peacekeeping: Issues for Congress. The Library of  Congress, 6(2): 1-16. International Court of Justice, (2010). The Charter of the United Nations. Web. Miller, T. (1999). Peace Treaties and the United Nations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 67.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Novak, G. (2001). The Security Council: United Nations. Journal of Human rights, 3(1): 5. Prados, J., Ames, C. (2010). The Iraq War: U.S. and British Documents Give No Indication Alternatives Were Seriously Considered. National Security Archive. Web. Simon, T. (2009). International Peace Security: Basic Charter Provisions. United  Nations Review, 34(9): 23. Smith, P. (2002). The Charter of the United Nations. The Expositional Journal, 12(1): 32-33.

Male Character Analysis in The Importance of Being Earnest

Male Character Analysis in The Importance of Being Earnest An earnest person is someone who practices diligence, seriousness, and above all sincerity. That being said, it is difficult to find a male character in Oscar Wilde’s   The Importance of Being Earnest who possesses these three qualities of earnestness despite the two leading male roles portray Ernest part-time in the comedic play. Take a closer look at the double life of respectable Jack Worthing and irreverent bachelor Algernon Moncrieff. Growing Up Jack Worthing The beginning of the play reveals that protagonist John Jack Worthing has a most unusual and amusing backstory. As a baby, he was accidentally abandoned in a handbag at a railway station, and a wealthy man, Thomas Cardew, discovered and adopted him as a child. Jack was named Worthing, after the seaside resort which Cardew visited. Worthing grew up to become a wealthy land-owner and investor, who was the legal guardian of Cardew’s granddaughter, Cecily. As the central character of the play, Jack might seem serious at first glance. He is far more proper and less ridiculous than his dandified friend, Algernon Algy Moncrieff.  In many productions of the play, the protagonist has been portrayed in a somber, straight-faced manner. Dignified actors such as Sir John Gielgud and Colin Firth have brought Jack to life on stage and screen, adding an air of dignity and refinement to the character. But, do not let appearances fool you. Witty Scoundrel Algernon Moncrieff One of the reasons Jack seems comparatively serious is due to the frivolous and playful nature of his friend, Algernon Moncrieff. Of all the characters in The Importance of Being  Earnest,  it is believed that Algernon is the embodiment of Oscar Wilde’s personality. Algernon exemplifies wit, satirizes the world around him, and views his own life as art’s highest form. Like Jack, Algernon enjoys the pleasures of the city and high society. (He also enjoys muffins and comes off as a bit of a glutton). Unlike Jack, Algernon loves to offer urbane social commentary about class, marriage, and Victorian society. Here are a few gems of wisdom, compliments of Algernon (Oscar Wilde): According to Algernon, relationships are â€Å"Divorces are made in heaven.† About modern culture, he comments, â€Å"Oh! It is absurd to have a hard and fast rule about what one should read and what one shouldn’t. More than half of modern culture depends on what one shouldn’t read.† One of his thoughts regarding family and living is rather insightful: â€Å"Relations are simply a tedious pack of people, who haven’t got the remotest knowledge of how to live, nor the smallest instinct about when to die.† Unlike Algernon, Jack avoids making strong, general commentary. He finds some of Algernons sayings to be nonsense. And when Algernon says something that rings true, Jack finds it socially unacceptable to be uttered in public. Algernon, on the other hand, likes to stir up trouble. Dual Identities The theme of leading double lives is commonplace throughout The Importance of Being Earnest. Despite his faà §ade of high moral character, Jack has been living a lie. His friend, Algernon, it turns out has a double identity as well. Jack’s relatives and neighbors believe him to be a moral and productive member of society. Yet, Jack’s first line in the play explains his true motivation for escaping his country home for the excitement of the city, he says, Oh pleasure, pleasure! What else should bring one anywhere? So, despite his stuffy outward appearance, Jack is a hedonist. He is also a liar. He has invented an alter-ego, a fictional brother named â€Å"Ernest.† His life in the country has been so tedious that he creates a reason to abandon his dreary and dutiful persona. Jack: When one is placed in the position of guardian, one has to adopt a very high moral tone on all subjects. It’s one’s duty to do so. And as a high moral tone can hardly be said to conduce very much to either one’s health or one’s happiness, in order to get up to town I have always pretended to have a younger brother of the name of Ernest, who lives in the Albany, and gets into the most dreadful scrapes. Algernon has also been leading a double life. He has created a friend named â€Å"Bunbury.† Whenever Algernon wants to avoid a boring dinner party, he says that Bunbury has fallen ill. Then Algernon cavorts off to the countryside, seeking amusement. During act two of the play, Algernon intensifies Jack’s conflict by posing as Jack’s delinquent brother Ernest. The Loves of Their Lives Algernon and Jack get entangled in their dual identities and the pursuit of their true loves. For both men, the Importance of Being Ernest is the only way to make it work with their hearts true desires. Jacks Love for Gwendolen Fairfax Despite his deceptive nature, Jack is sincerely in love with Gwendolen Fairfax, the daughter of the aristocratic Lady Bracknell. Because of his desire to marry Gwendolen, Jack is anxious to â€Å"kill off† his alter-ego Ernest. The problem is that Gwendolen thinks that Jack’s name is Ernest. Ever since she was a child, Gwendolen has been infatuated with the name. Jack decides not to confess the truth of his name until Gwendolen gets it out of him in act two: Jack: It is very painful for me to be forced to speak the truth. It is the first time in my life that I have ever been reduced to such a painful position, and I am really quite inexperienced in doing anything of the kind. However, I will tell you quite frankly that I have no brother Ernest. I have no brother at all. Fortunately for Jack, Gwendolen is a forgiving woman. Jack explains that he arranged a christening, a religious ceremony in which he will officially change his name to Ernest once and for all. The gesture touches Gwendolen’s heart, reuniting the couple. Algernon Falls for Cecily During their first encounter, Algernon falls in love with Cecily, Jack’s pretty eighteen-year-old ward. Of course, Cecily does not know Algernon’s true identity at first. And like Jack, Algernon is willing to sacrifice his namesake in order to win his love’s hand in marriage. (Like Gwendolen, Cecily is enchanted by the name â€Å"Ernest†). Both men go to great lengths in order to make their lies become the truth. And that is the heart of the humor behind The Importance of Being Earnest.

Ideas and Imagination on Wallaces Poem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ideas and Imagination on Wallaces Poem - Essay Example He writes with his brain, he uses his intelligence in making a poem. The reality for him is the physical world around him. He will just put the spirit of his imagination. He tends to seek for a root and made the fruit be the real thing. His mind analyzes everything, as he puts his ideas about the subject he is pertaining to in the poem. He made mazes, confusions, and his imagination will lead you into a different answer. Just like on when answering a riddle. But the answer is already in front of you. He made poems on a very nice and simple way. Though he uses nice vocabularies which are very beautiful and artistic. His imagination will just turn around with the subject He does not go into something new, but always with the literal thing. He will just view things on its physiological aspects. He focuses more on the spirituality of the object. His works are amazing as it occurs in a logical manner for it will twist up your mind because of the deep vocabulary art that he does and the maze assembling of scenes and situations. For your mind will think of anthing that will suit his view and ideas at first but you wouldn't know that it was the very thing you know already. He is unto the real objects but reader's are just leave on a maze of thinking of what was the author is pertain to.

Excel Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Excel Project - Essay Example Software prepared by the most prominent software company Microsoft are: Microsoft Dynamics GP Microsoft FRx for financial reporting and analytics Microsoft Office Small Business Accounting 2007 Microsoft Small Business Financials SAP manufactures: SAP ERP Financial Solution SAP Intuit Company prepares: Quickbooks, Quicken TurboTax Industries All these software are used by organizations which have huge database and it is not easy to manage it without appropriate software, for instance multinational companies, banking systems and airport terminals etc. Apart from these industries, all these software are marketed also marketed to renowned websites like Finance.yahoo.com, Reuters and Bloomberg. Wall Street & Firms Generally Wall Street views all the firms with the ability to provide good returns. In the given 120 trading activity, only Microsoft was the only company which could not end up with positive results, apart from that, the rest of the companies reported the positive returns in t he given time frame. Results One basis of the results computed on the Microsoft Excel sheet along with the graphs, the analysis of 120 trading days’ activity clearly reflects that SAP performed remarkably well earning a gain of around $90,000, whereas Microsoft turned out to be the worst among all five participants reporting a net loss of around $55,000. The other three software designing firms produced mediocre results, presenting net gains $15,000, $9,000 and ?12,000 by oracle, Intuit and Sage respectively. Source Yahoo! Finance was used as the data source from the stock price data was retrieved. The reason for choosing this financial database is the element of ease and convenience that Yahoo! Finance provides to its users. The other important aspect of choosing Yahoo! Finance was ability to convert all the data into excel sheets which provides users the ultimate ease of working on that data. Analysis Since the SAP performed the best among all five participants and Microsof t performed the worst, therefore whatever is the amount of investment can be made equally on these five stocks, the end output will be same in which SAP would be leading ahead from the rest of participants. In scenario 1, 3 and 4 SAP is involved, and it can be observed that SAP is performing much better. Opposite view goes for Microsoft as Microsoft is included only in Scenario 1 due to its sluggish performance in the reported 120 trading days. Microsoft even could not qualify to be part of other 3 scenarios. If every scenario is discussed on individual basis it can be observed that SAP is the top leader and Microsoft is the top loser in scenario 1 in which all five companies were given an equal share of $500,000 to be invested in. Scenario 2 comprised of the two stocks from largest cap market companies in which SAP and Oracles were included. Here SAP remained well above from Oracle. Scenario 3 comprises of two best performing companies from medium sized markets in which Intuit and Sage were included. Here Sage performed marginally well from Intuit. The last scenario contains two stocks, each selected as the best performing from large and medium sized markets. SAP and Sage are the constituents of this scenario and clearly SAP beat Sage by a huge amount of $155,000. Fifth Scenario On the basis of the results obtained under scenario 1, the fifth best possible scenario that can be the most worthwhile among all five companies is the scenario in which SAP and

The Impact of Global Warming on Agricultural Production Dissertation

The Impact of Global Warming on Agricultural Production - Dissertation Example The significance of this portfolio lies with my genuine interest to identify the relationship between crop farm level agriculture and global warming in China. The underlying inspiration behind this exploration is my experience in Bayer CropScience Ltd in Northeast China. In the changing global context, sustainable agricultural forecasting and irrigational developments require rather collaborated efforts. The production of crops including soybean, wheat, and corn becomes more difficult as the predictability of weather and climate decreases. The aftermath of global warming is very evident in Northeastern China where drought and rain failure is severe. Other challenges those have a direct impact on agriculture are inconsistency in rainfall, increasing temperature, floods, and hurricanes. Global warming inflicts wide range of calamities including rising temperature, climate change, glacier retreat and disappearance, ocean and social system issues, and health problems. Recent studies show that global warming and thereby significant climate changes have dreadfully affected agriculture production across the globe. Many countries have abandoned their agriculture production as they do not get adequate returns to cover capital invested and efforts taken. Improved agriculture production is essential for the human existence; and hence, it is necessary to find out possible ways to mitigate the impact of global warming. China, the world’ most populated country with 7% of the world’s arable land available to feed 22% of the world’s population is more likely to be affected by climate change. Among various crops, soybean is the most vulnerable one to temperature fluctuations. The suitable temperature for soybean is 15-22  °C at emergence, 20-25  °C at flow ering, and 15-22  °C at maturity (Liu et al., 2008). The Context I have long years’ experience in agricultural farming and have worked in Bayer CropScience Ltd in Northeast China. The Bayer CropScience is well known for its leadership in the area of crop protection, non-agricultural pest-control, seeds and plant biotechnology around the world. Bayer vehemently tries to prevent climate changes as part of its sustainability strategy through a series of improvement programs in its own production operations. Therefore, the author is familiar with agriculture production, climate changes, and variation in the volume of farming outcomes over the past several years. The adverse effect of global warming is easily visible in Chinese Soybean industry. China is one of the world’s largest Soybean producers. However, the country has faced a considerable decline in quantity and quality of soybean produced and distributed over last few years. The concept of sustainable agriculture h as become very vital to meet the basic needs of next generations. Sustainable agriculture indicates the practice of agricultural activities based on the principles of ecology. Global warming is defined as â€Å"a continuing increase in Earth’s overall temperature† (Farrar, 2007, p.7). The instrumental temperature record indicates that average global surface temperature has been increased by 0.74 degree Celsius during the 20th century. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimates that global surface temperature may rise in 21st century from 1.5 to 1.9o C (for lowest emissions scenario) or 3.4 to 6.1o C (for highest emissions scenario). These estimations were made by applying the techniques of sensitivity to greenhouse gas

Intrusion Detection System Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Intrusion Detection System - Assignment Example I shall isolate the affected computer within no time so as to protect the other computers on the network. First, I shall unplug the network cable and then physically disconnect the victim computer from the network which will block the attacker from gaining further access to the computer as well as from infecting other computers on the network. I shall change the subnet mask on the attacked port or try creating a VLAN, and if the network router is not capable of creating VLANs, then I could use another router â€Å"by using the wan port as the connection† to the original router (Techie, 2009). After getting the system disconnected both from the internet and the network, I shall think about doing a proper action with the attacked port 3389. Because the intruder infected the port 3389, it would be necessary to block it and open it only for local functions with the co-computers. I shall look for any important network passwords that might have been saved on the computer. I shall find out if there was any sensitive information saved, such as any credit card details and if yes, then the credit card company has to be notified immediately. I shall ask myself when the first time I caught something was going wrong which I had not considered important at that time. Other inquiries that will be necessary are that- whether the anti-virus software installed had been updated or contained non-updated virus definitions. I shall find out if upgrades had been installed and were operational. It will also be important to investigate whether VPN had been established to protect the network from getting intruded and to reduce the security breach. I shall make arrangements for the continuity of network operations like preparing redundant system and obtaining data back-ups (the State of California, 2009).

HRM AND TRANSFORMATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

HRM AND TRANSFORMATION - Essay Example is the first step in effective human-resource management as it involves forecasting the human-resource needs of the organization and planning certain useful and important steps that the organization must take in order to meet those human resource needs that will contribute a high percentage for its overall success as human-resource planning should be connected to the organization’s strategic objectives and mission. (Butensky and Harari, 1983) It can be said that human-resource planning is a challenge because the needs of the organization are constantly changing and sometimes do not converge and such challenge can be greater if the recruitment pool is limited or if the people in charge of human-resource management have not been trained to forecast the organization’s needs to maintain and achieve success in all areas of concern. (Butensky and Harari, 1983) In determining a certain range of importance in regaining factual information regarding as to what extent does human resource planning contributes to the overall success of the organization then, it is important to take in consideration some of its planning issues that may affect positively and or negatively to the success of such organization thus, it is crucial to identify and determine these planning issues as it enumerated below. (Craft, 1980) RetailCo, implements the employment of part time staff and this has provided them some benefits. There is some evidence from a number of sources to indicate a much broader potential for part-time work than its current reputation suggests. Employer benefits complement the increased work flexibility that such programs provide for the suppliers of labor. First, part-time work need not be limited to jobs in the low-pay sales and service sectors where they tend to cluster. Individual examples of New Concept reduced-hour jobs, often among professional librarians, teachers, editors, nurses and others, function well. Some public-sector employing agencies have

Uses of Bt insect resistance in agriculture Essay

Uses of Bt insect resistance in agriculture - Essay Example Uses of Bt insect resistance in agriculture This remarkable finding which happened in 1911 was not the first time Bt went under close inspection; in the Far East, ten years before, a Japanese scientist who was investigating the almost instantaneous death of silkworms first discovered it. More than a century has now passed since Bt's discovery, and for more than half of it, Bt has been used as a natural insecticide, being sprayed onto crops. (Shelton 2008) But just how does Bt work in the first place' Unlike Dichlorodiphenyltricloroethane, which has been known to be a three-letter acronym for the words notorious killer because of its infamousness in inflicting damage to organisms it should not, Bt is not a contact poison. Bt has to be eaten first before it can poison any unsuspecting insect. B. thuringiensis has spores which contain crystal proteins or cry proteins. When ingested by an insect, the active insecticidal crystal protein or (ICP) breaks down in the insect's gut and releases a toxin called delta-endotoxin. This delta-endotoxin then reacts with certain receptors on the intestinal lining and makes pores causing the leakage of its contents and paralyzation of the insect's digestive system resulting to insect death. The killing is a slow process that may take hours or even days. (Shelton 2008) However, it must be noted that because of the paralysis of the insect’s digestive system, the insect soon stops eating. Immediately dead or not, the goal of saving the crops fr om mass mastication of unwanted living forms is definitely achieved. (Office of Biotechnology at Iowa State University 2008) Bt may not be as fast a killer as the conventional insecticides are, but in this ever health conscious world, speed is not the only thing to consider. Synthetic insecticides such as those whose active ingredient is DDT have been banned in many countries and for a number of good reasons. And it is because of such reasons why many farmers choose Bt over it; human safety, of course, is the primary concern. (Bassein 2008) As mentioned, Bt has been used for more than 50 years now as an effective insecticide. So far, there are no reports of it harming anyone. And the underlying reason according to experts is the fact that Bt toxins are toxic only to certain insects; truly, this is good news for bees and beekeepers alike. The rationale' The receptors which are present in the insects' guts are not found in most other organisms, in mammals, and most importantly, in humans. (Federal Ministry of Education and Research 2008) The different strains of B. thuringiensis produce different delta-endotoxins, each "catering" to a specific order of insect. The most common of Bt's cry proteins are those that belong to the Cry1 class which are toxic to lepidopterous insects (e.g. moths such as the European corn borer, butterflies). It is also the most active ingredient in most Bt-based commercial insecticides today. Other proteins belong to the Cry2 class which unlike their Cry1 counterparts, produce a single, smaller crystal per cell. This class is toxic to insects belonging in both the Lepidoptera and Diptera (e.g. flies and mosquitoes) orders. There is also the Cry3 class which poisons the coleopterous (e.g. beetles like the

HRM AND TRANSFORMATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

HRM AND TRANSFORMATION - Essay Example is the first step in effective human-resource management as it involves forecasting the human-resource needs of the organization and planning certain useful and important steps that the organization must take in order to meet those human resource needs that will contribute a high percentage for its overall success as human-resource planning should be connected to the organization’s strategic objectives and mission. (Butensky and Harari, 1983) It can be said that human-resource planning is a challenge because the needs of the organization are constantly changing and sometimes do not converge and such challenge can be greater if the recruitment pool is limited or if the people in charge of human-resource management have not been trained to forecast the organization’s needs to maintain and achieve success in all areas of concern. (Butensky and Harari, 1983) In determining a certain range of importance in regaining factual information regarding as to what extent does human resource planning contributes to the overall success of the organization then, it is important to take in consideration some of its planning issues that may affect positively and or negatively to the success of such organization thus, it is crucial to identify and determine these planning issues as it enumerated below. (Craft, 1980) RetailCo, implements the employment of part time staff and this has provided them some benefits. There is some evidence from a number of sources to indicate a much broader potential for part-time work than its current reputation suggests. Employer benefits complement the increased work flexibility that such programs provide for the suppliers of labor. First, part-time work need not be limited to jobs in the low-pay sales and service sectors where they tend to cluster. Individual examples of New Concept reduced-hour jobs, often among professional librarians, teachers, editors, nurses and others, function well. Some public-sector employing agencies have

Knowledge Management in Supply Chain Management Essay

Knowledge Management in Supply Chain Management - Essay Example The research provided efficient solutions to the problems and including the integrating system and providing effective IT solutions in the supply chain management. It also provided some recommendations to the major problems of KM in the company. The implementation plan revealed the type of knowledge and resource required in the KM project. The conclusion provided a summary in brief the main discussion on the topic under study. Knowledge Management in Supply Chain Management in Dell Company Introduction Knowledge management has become an emerging key issue in many organizations. Dell Company, which is an American conglomerate computer technology, is among the industries that incorporate knowledge management in the supply chain management process. The corporation has more than 103,300 workers worldwide, and it is among the leading technology industries. The company engages in design, development, manufacturing and marketing or distributing of diverse computer services globally. The emp loy corporate responsibility and business model of culture, compliance and credibility in order to achieve effective performance. Increased technology advancement has forced many organizations to employ effective methods; thus, use of knowledge management in many organizations has become the significant aspect. Knowledge management (KM) is a strategic tool or framework employed  to design, represent and distribute as well as enable adoption of experiences in business process. KM in supply management has become the leading area of concern and managerial challenges. For instance, the supply chain management has become one of the key areas that utilize knowledge management in order to achieve a competitive advantage. KM is increasing as a significant business asset in the supply chain management. However, Dell Company face varied challenges of incorporating knowledge management in the supply chain management process. Dell’s operates its business across the product line includi ng desktop computers, network services, computer notebooks and storage products. The company owner, Michael Dell established the business based on the sidestepping dealer concept. The company started selling  personal computer products straight to clients; thus evading the issue of delay and outlays of supply chain issues. Better financial performance contributed to its successful implementation of using direct sales model. However, despite the recent industrial growth, the company faces varied challenges. The foremost problem is increased technology changes; thus holding inventories an immense liability. Therefore, the organization employs knowledge management in supply management in order to design, manufacture, market and delivers computer products effectively across the globe. The company manages KM through aligning the organizational strategies and employs logistics as well as provides IT solutions effective for managing knowledge. Problem Identification and Analysis Increase d technology changes have become the main concerning the issue in the company’s supply chain management. Technology changes are significant because it enables the company to design or employ new business strategies that can enable them improve business performance (Dwivedi and Butcher (2009, p.123). Dell Company  is among

Works Of Andy Goldsworthy

Works Of Andy Goldsworthy It is immediately evident that Goldsworthys works, in general, strongly accentuate texture and shape. Goldsworthy describes the working process as a tactile expression, implying the involvement of a multi-sensory extension of the body, a recurring artistic intention, especially through cues signifying touch and vision. For me, looking, touching, material, place and form are all inseparable from the resulting work. It is difficult to say where one stops and another begins. This obsession with recurring forms in nature using different materials has a ritualistic edge, where the earthworks have lost the purpose and functionalism of the commercial product. This tactile gaze, used as the central way of identifying the object, is further evoked through the use of text. For example, in a photograph of a spherical ice ball positioned aside a bleak Autumn bridge, his texts connotes the image not only in terms of its visual impact but also the texture implied by its aural qualities: Stacked ice sound of cracking. The shape and texture of the river in the 1988-9 Leadgate and Lambton Earthworks symbolizes its sensual form in a way which still identifies it as relating to a river, but without the non-abstracted seamless visual art representation of a river. Goldsworthy describes this process: The snake has evolved through a need to move close to the ground, sometimes below and sometimes above, an expression of the space it occupies. Similarly, rather than use the language of signposts to designate a river (in its non-place), the use of more tactile cues reclaims the spectators newness of vision: in Auges words, the traveller (AG) is recapturing the landscape like it is the first journey of birththe primal experience of differentiation.While Auge asserts that non-places exist only through the words that evoke them, AGs words work to clarify the gaze rather than condense it to a unified vision. But what constitutes this gaze? When we refer to his earthworks, are we referring only to the symbolic object, or the whole space inside the photo frame? Like a travel writer, a heightened perception or rediscovery of the landscape is the central tenet of Goldsworthys working process: Some places I return to over and over again, going deeper- a relationship made in layers over a long time. There is a suggestion by AG that site or context affects and, to an extent, has a significant role in generating the features of his objects: When I work with a leaf, rock, stick, it is not just that material in itself, it is an opening into the processes of life within and around itThe energy and space around a material are as important as the energy and space within While the train, for Auge, is one of the greatest culprits behind the spectators fleeting vision of space, Goldsworthys immobilization and transposition of the train track and its practical function to a snaking in the Lambton earthwo rks?, is a way for AG to recapture the essence of the landscape, to shift its perceptual status from non-place to place: Staying in one place makes me more aware of change. However, part of this awareness is awareness that the land itself is fleeting and transforming according to environmental whim, and that the photograph merely represents a certain moment in a process. His emphasis on spontaneity and change according to environmental and climactic conditions, as well as his own sense of navigation, is significant because he is able to evoke the history of the object through capturing a synchronic moment in its processes. If we look at several of his works in which piles of material are neatly centred with a hollow hole, we sense their impermanence and a foreboding decay from seeing their present formal cohesion. A Cambridge earthwork with leaves is accompanied by this awareness in text, where a materialistic description of the object is transformed into a narrative of it: Torn Hole/horse chestnut leaves stitched with stalks around the rim/moving in the wind. Perhaps more than these smaller-scale earthworks, the earthworks in County Durham most forcefully use the concept of environmental process to allude to the movement of travel, not only through their obvious association with trains, but through the movement implied by the object, as ripples from a thrown stone. Freezing these processes is a way of reawakening the senses, by both seeing the object statically without moving too fast and by being aware of its continuing narrative, rather than being driven by the perpetual series of presents of those unrecognised non-places, exaggerated in Thomas Gurskys digital photos. According to Auge, the language of signposts etc. does not heighten the spectators perception of a place, but merely substitutes their relationship to it as a mere passing acknowledgement. Goldsworthys works seem to reclaim that historicity of the natural object that is lost in the immediacy of the commercial product, including the signs that describe and name features and punctuations in the land, trying to give it a sense of place. Challenging the prescriptions of discourse on our subjectivity, however, has always been a preoccupation in landscape art. Constables landscape paintings, for example, could represent a different challenge to the supermodern construction of landscape into a fleeting non-place, through his holistic, static, formalist and panoramic vision of the land. While Goldsworthy reconfigures the landscapes gaze beyond the static to an awareness of its morphology, materiality, unpredictability and precariousness, Constable and the landscape painters of the 18th century synchronized these natural irregularities, painting the clouds and sun simultaneously and consciously at different periods and freezing the movement of the Hay wain into a stance. In Goldsworthys work, therefore, landscape is no longer a site, implying static, but a process, implying diachronic, in which the object and its place are interdependent. Throughout the earthworks photographs and their accompanying text, two main interconnected subjectivities emerge, both of which seem threatened by the dislocation through the non-place: organic nature and Goldsworthy, who is simultaneously a conscious manipulator of natures autonomous processes as well as driven by the manipulations of nature itself. The larger scope of his County Durham Leadgate and Lambton Earthworks, encourages a more structural and slightly cartographic gaze. A disused railway track becomes the site for a snaking sand track photographed aerially alongside rows of monotonous houses. Their juxtaposition, their mutual encroachment on one another and the snaking imprints echo of movement, in one sense seem to re-establish the inter-dependency of urban structures and nature, and the similarities in the way we perceive them despite serving different functions. In this sense, it allows greater insight to its organic qualities by its association. In a technical sense, it could be argued that there is a tension between Goldsworthys organic creations and their technological control by the intrinsic features of the photograph. However, any hint of the artists exploitation, evoked in works such as Snowball in trees or in references to the name of the excavator driver in the Leadgate and Lambton Earthworks, is balanced out, in exchange, by their precarious existence in nature, where a rock could be precariously balanced on a boulder. This relationship between nature and its manipulations is significant because it represents a reappropriation of our relationship with those places, designated by the artists symbols rather than the symbols of industry with which individuals are supposed to interact only with texts, whose proponents are not individuals but moral entities or institutions. Goldsworthy navigates and finds his non-prescribed place, by being led by climactic and environmental factors rather than such moral entities. Auge defines non-place in detail against the anthropological concept of place, where the traveller occupies a non-communicative, solitary space with the language of ticket machines and train timetables. Accordingly, these public facilities and structures give the spectator an image of their individuality, or a distanced simulated familiarity, by discursively framing and displacing the gaze and the individual essence towards a simultaneous collective individuality, through the individualization of references. In contrast, by allowing the serendipitous influence of nature to produce a unique result on each object, each of the processes in the Earthworks produces individual objects, which, not over-prescribed by images and signs, evolve in partial autonomy.

Bob Marley: Legend :: essays research papers

The question isn't how long are we going to live on this earth; it is how much are we going to live on this earth. In his 36 short years, Bob Marley achieved more than most who live to a so-called ripe old age. Bob once said, "My life is only important if mi cyan help plenty people. My life is for people. That's who mi is." He lived on earth but thought the thougthts of heaven. In his song "Rastaman Vibration" Marley implores us to look out for each other. "Why not help one another along the way and make it much easier." Funkmaster George Clinton once said that Bob Marley "was one of those people who wasn't on anybody's side in particular. He was on everybody's side. And that's scary to the system." Bob told us to "open your minds and look within; are you satisfied with the life you're living?" He urged us to wake up, to arise from our sleep and slumber, as there's work to be done. And that, too, is scary for the system. In support of any Messiah, there are at least 12 apostles. In the case of Bob Marley, there is an undisclosed number of disciples whom he chose to send forth and preach the (reggae) gospel in this time. In addition to members of his Wailers band and I-Threes, he left behimd a family full of messengers. His beloved mother, Cedella Marley Booker, is the inspiration for the Bob Marley Caribbean Festival and founder of The Movement of Jah People. This organization is carrying out the dreams and goals of her son who always looked out for the underprivileged and down-trodden. Ms. Booker lives in the house Bob bought her in Miami, the spacious yard where he came to chill-out from his rigorous and demanding schedule. He once said, "This peace work, it don't stop. We, the youth, got a job to do." His younger brother, Richard Booker, is at the helm of the movement and ably acts as his mother's right hand man. Bob's sister, Pearl Livingston, is among the family members who perform each year, along with their cousins Gloria, Lorraine and Jimmy. Marley stated that "not one of my seed shall sit on the sidewalk and beg bread." Bob's children include Ziggy, Stephen, Cedella, Sharon, Damian, Julian, Kymani, Rohan and Robert. His grandchildren include Daniel, Justice, Zouri, Joseph, Stephan, Huon, Jacob, Soul Rebel, Kaya, Kymani Jr.

My Adventure in Greece :: Personal Narrative Place

My Adventure in Greece I topped the hill, and looked back down the narrow, winding street, winded. My grandparents were still straggling up. I told my uncle that we should wait for them, and he agreed, reluctantly. He was used to the steep slopes and uneven sidewalks of the Athenian back streets, and didn't quite realize that visitors found them more than a little challenging -- especially after exploring the Acropolis most of the day. I should have been tired; I'd been climbing all day, since around eight that morning, and we were just finishing the forty-five minute, up-hill-and-down-dale walk back to the American School of Archeology. Despite a nightly average of five hours of sleep over the last week or so, I felt like I could go on forever. There was so much to see and discover -- new things to try, ancient ones to visit -- and only a few more days of this amazing vacation left! My grandparents caught up, and we continued, leap-frog fashion, up the remaining streets to our destination. When we did reach my uncle's room in the American School, I had time to realize that I was more tired than I had wanted to admit. Why was it that I could do so much here, in Greece, when at home I'd be exhausted and begging to rest after finishing just half of the climbing that I was doing every day now? What was the difference? I refused to believe that the food, full of olive oil as it was, could change my stamina this drastically. Nor was it the hot climate. Still, here I was climbing forty-five grade -- and greater -- inclines in ninety degree heat when, under the same conditions in Wilkes-Barre, I would be hiding from high temperatures in the nice, cool basement and avoiding all activity. I thought back to the Acropolis and the view of Athens sprawled at my feet, of the great, symetrical Parthenon, and the graceful Keryatids of the Erectheon. I remembered the tiny temple of Isis on the desert-like island of Delos, and high, windy Ancient Thira on Santorini. Yes, seeing, visitin g, touching those ancient masterpeices was thrilling, but even walking down -- or up -- the dustiest, most winding street in Athens was a treasured experience in itself. But the streets in Athens were paved with asphalt just like the roads in Dallas or Exeter.

Print Media Advertising: Impacts on Popular Culture and Cultural Values Essay

Print media advertising impacts consumerism and cultural values in many ways. Newspapers and various magazines have dominated the presence of print media in the development of American popular culture. Print media also propagates social trends that affect the human body, consumerism and social responsibility either directly or indirectly. For the most part, print media has given rise to both positive and negative consequences on the human perception towards culture. Fashion magazines have been major factors in propagating the human image and the latest fashion trends, thereby dictating both the public awareness and the acceptable image in the society. By repeatedly publishing specific images that are given positive descriptions, magazines from health and fashion to music tend to take control of American popular culture. On the other hand, newspapers circulate information to the general public. That being said, the news stories and other articles published by newspapers are absorbed into the public’s awareness whether or not they approve of the content of these articles. In effect, the stories that newspapers publish and newspapers themselves contribute to the development of popular culture in America. For instance, the recent news stories about Sarah Palin—the Republican Vice-presidential candidate for the 2008 national elections—portraying her as the â€Å"attack dog† of the Grand Old Party against the Democratic presidential nominee has made her a part of American popular culture in just a short span of time. There have been at least three trends propagated by the print media affecting the development of American popular culture. First, there was a time when fashion magazines published images of skinny models, thereby creating the public impression that to be thin is to be â€Å"in† and â€Å"acceptable†. In effect, my perception about being healthy and physically appealing at the same time was caught in a direct conflict against the trends propagated by these fashion magazines. It is in my belief that any person regardless of body frame or size of hips and waist can have a healthy lifestyle that is visually attractive without resorting to methods that make the body ultra skinny. Another trend propagated by the print media is the image of top-performing athletes wearing specific brands of sporting apparels, as if signifying that the potential of the individual to perform at his best in sports depends on the shoes the athlete is wearing, for instance. This trend creates an illusion that promotes consumerism, tempting the buying public to identify strongly with these sporting goods and, in a way, depending on them to boost their athletic performance or to simply enhance their status in the society. I think that this trend causes harm to the American society because it feeds the capitalist motives of companies, thereby giving less consideration for the social responsibilities of these companies. Lastly, the print media has also propagated the trend of showing either bias or favor to certain political ideologies. While the freedom of expression is guaranteed by the American Constitution, it has responsibilities attached to it. Thus, the print media should avoid showing political bias or favoritism since either of these two attitudes can unfairly influence public opinion. I think the print media should be politically neutral, taking no political side and publishing political stories from all political angles possibly involved. I also think that doing so is a part of the social responsibility of the print media outlets, especially newspapers, since the articles that they publish and circulate can greatly shape American popular culture.

Speech as Xerxes

Greetings, subjects. My reign was sufficient and completely beneficial to the Persian society, I deserve this power as even Herodetus the Greek writer said with â€Å"among all these immense numbers there was not a man who, for stature and noble bearing, was more worthy than Xerxes to wield so vast a power. I deserved to take the throne, and it was Ahuramazda's will. Other sons of Darius there were, but thus unto Ahura-Mazda was the desire – Darius my father made me the greatest after himself.When my father Darius went away from the throne, by the will of Ahura-Mazda I became king on my fathers throne. I am of royal decent and Achmaenid blood runs through me as I am Xerxes, the great king, king of kings, king of lands, containing many men, king in this great earth far and wide, son of Darius the king, an Achaemenid, a Persian, son of the Persian, an Aryan, of Aryan seed. I have legitimate reason to access the throne. Greek writers have depicted me as an impetuous, arrogant an d sadistic madman.But this is the view of a Greek, not only are the Greeks inferior to me but they are also not going to give an accurate description, and are of course going to be bias. I destroyed parts of their beloved homeland so their views of me can be somewhat inaccurate because of their anger towards me. Greek writers have spoken of me as having negative aspects, but my inscriptions throughout my kingdom say otherwise as I take the good virtues that have been bestowed upon me by Ahura-Mazda. I took care of the revolts in both Egypt and Babylonia swiftly and successfully, with proper actions undertaken to teach the inhabitants a lesson.Egypt lost the privilige of self-government and local autonomy, and even though the Babylonians revolted twice because the first punishment wasn't as harsh, the second time they revolted they lost their Gods and in effect this stopped the revolts in the future. Greek writers described my actions towards the revolts as trying to crush their reli gions without thought, but they failed to mention that it is general practice of rulers in dealing with rebellious countries to destroy sanctuaries.As said in an inscription in Persepolis, when my father Darius went away from the throne, I became king on his throne by the grace of Ahuramazda. After I became king, I finished what had been done by my father, and I added other works. The palace through my building program became twice as big as it was in Darius's reign, there was an innovative design shown in Persepolis with the staircases for example. The palace was not a permenant residentual place, but rather an administrative centre and focus for religious ritual with there also being inscriptions that give details of religion.For the war on Greece, the correct decision was made that they must be punished for their assistance in the Ionians revolt so I made preperations for invasion over 4 years. First I decided to take diplomatic measures, so I sent out envoys to demand earth and water from the Greeks. But because Athens and Sparta were my target, I decided best not to ask for their submission but to just punish them and lay the assault on them. I demanded for my subjects of the provinces to send men for the army I was sending, this army was the largest in recorded history said by Herodetus and further determined by modern historians.I decided that the soldiers of my army needed easier movement, so there was a bridge at Hellespont built over the years in preperation. There was the matter of supplies and food for the many warriors that would travel to Greece, so supply depots were set up for easy access of supplies while travelling or waiting. I then entrusted the Egyptians with the task to make the materials to build a bridge across the Strymon River, the bridge was close to the supply depot at Eion. My father previously sent his ships to Greece unaware of the weather conditions, this resulted in a storm sinking the ships.I learnt from this mistake and built a canal at Mt Athos so the Persian ships could safely pass through. The attack on Greece began at Thermopylae and the cowards hid in the mountains not willing to fight with honor. It was then by the will of Ahura-Mazda that a Greek called Ephialtes came to me and spoke of a mountain pass that allowed us to surround the Greeks and crush their inferior soldiers, Herodetus told the story of the Battle of Thermopylae. After this victory I was then deceived by a Greek who told me that the Greeks were leeing, so the fleet was sent to Salamis and was ambushed unfairly. It was at this defeat I thought it best to retreat and protect the bridges which was the smarter decision in the situation, after this decision was made I left Mardonius in command of the forces and returned to Persia. To carry out my father's legacy I inherrited his foreign policy in which I was expected to further expand the Persian empire. The three things I was required to do through the foreign policy was to punish the Greeks, further expand empire the and to gain personal glory as my predecessors had done.Through the Greek campaign I accomplished the task that was inherrited, I punished the Athenians and burnt their city so my real goal was achieved, I also further expanded the empire to the East with the addition of provinces such as Thrace and Macedonia and I also added territory in the most distant Eastern provinces. Through the building program personal glory was in an obvious way achieved, and the palace in Perespolis showed this and left an impression even after my reign finished. It was also said by J.L O'Neil that I wasn't interested in military affairs and preferred building activities. Religious policy was properly taken out, as said in an inscription written by myself is that I copied the religion of my father Darius who recognised Ahuramazda as the supreme creator or God. More importantly, I recognise that I was king through the favor of Ahuramazda which was also said in an inscripti on. Doing this made religion an important political dimension and through this I was an instrument of Ahura-Mazda.I strengthened the religion shown in the â€Å"daeva† inscription which eliminated other Gods and made the â€Å"demon† Gods no longer worshipped. I was successful in what was expected of me as a Persian ruler, I demonstrated that I was fit to rule the empire and I continued my fathers legacy. Inscriptions throughout Persia said that even after the retreat from Greece my subjects still respected me and thought of me as a great king, showing that the loss did not damage Persian society.

The Nightingale and the Rose

I like this story entitled The Nightingale and the Rose because the power of love shown by the nightingale is so amazing. The Nightingale willing to sacrifice himself for something he believed in, that why he had a great power to fulfill his dream to made a red rose flower for the student. The plot of the story is very simple. A young student thought that he was madly in love with the professor's daughter. He felt miserable because he could not find a single red rose in the whole garden to give to his love, and he knew that without the rose she would not agree to dance with him in the ball to be given by the prince the next day. The Nightingale overheard this and was deeply touched by what she believed was the expression of the young man's true love. So she decided to help the young man, but she was told that the only way to get a red rose in this cold winter was for her to build it out of her music and her heart's blood. The Nightingale of course also valued her life, but she was ready to lay down her own life for the happiness of the young couple. She therefore did what she was told to do. The next morning, the most beautiful red rose appeared, but the Nightingale was found dead under the rose-tree. Not knowing what it had cost to produce the rose, the student thought that he was very lucky to find this flower and he immediately plucked it and ran to the professor's daughter. The professor's daughter, however, turned him down because she had already agreed to dance with the Chamberlain's nephew who had given her precious stones. The student was very angry, so he threw the rose away and returned to his reading. This is a touching story of love, but not the love between the young student and the professor's daughter, because neither of them understood what true love is. The girl was interested only in power and money, and the young man, in what he considered practical. The only person who understood love, treasured love, and was ready to sacrifice her life for love was the Nightingale. For her love is eternal music, love is the most precious thing: even more precious than life itself, and true love is always in the giving rather than in the taking. The main theme of this story is love, in fact the young Student needs a red rose to conquer the girl he affirms he loves, even if at the end she doesn’t appreciate his act. This makes us understand two things: on the one hand, that love often brings sorrow, as happens to the tender Nightingale whose gesture of love is not understood by the silly Student. On the other hand, it is very difficult to distinguish between real, authentic love and a more superficial sentiment, and only a very sensitive person can appreciate the full value of this feeling. Besides there are other themes: ingratitude, because the Student is ungrateful towards the Nightingale, whose act of love he is too arid to grasp; generosity, because the altruist Nightingale sacrifices her life to help the Student and her sacrifice is actually wasted. As for the girl, she is not merely superficial but also vain and materialistic, as she loses all interest in the Student once she is promised something more ‘precious’ like the jewels of the Chamberlain’s nephew. This fairy tale is very incisive and, despite its apparent simplicity, leaves the reader with a clear moral message: it is important to remember that some people sometimes sacrifice their life or suffer to help others, but at the end they aren’t returned with the same emotional intensity and their actions are not even fully understood. This is a moral message that should be born clear in mind, in an age and period when most people appear to be interested only in their own welfare, without being able to look beyond their limited, subjective perspective, thus failing to see what or who is outside the borders of their very narrow egoistic world.

Mystery story Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mystery story - Assignment Example They were fat and lazy and were always given waste fish by the fisherman when they came through. There were always at least five of the birds hanging around, usually more like 20 or 30. After telling his mom about the missing pole, she immediately went to work. From her perspective, it was property stolen from the store and something that would cost her an extra $150 to replace. After making sure of the last time Brian had seen his pole, as he helped Thomas unload Wide Load of his early morning catch of bait shrimp, she began listing off who might be the possible suspects. Thomas obviously wouldn’t have taken it as he was already down for his morning nap in the hammock underneath the shop. â€Å"Let’s see, the shop hasn’t been that busy today,† she said. â€Å"Old Peterson came in with a group who needed some bait. We had those teenagers from up north come in a while ago wanting to fish from the dock, but they were mad about the dock fee, so they left. Oh, yeah, and crazy Joe was here when I got here, I had to run him off again. I wish someone would take him in. One of them must have taken your pole.† At that point, Brian felt it was hopeless. How were they ever going to find a group of rowdy northern teenagers, a homeless man and a boat full of tourists floating somewhere in the Gulf of Mexico? But his mom was never one to give up. Old Eddy’s was a bait shop when it’s owner had been alive, but he’d died more than 10 years ago and no one had bothered opening up again. The pilings for the old docks were still there, and some of the docks were even still in place, but the building had blown down during the last hurricane season and all the locals knew the spot was dangerously unstable. Tourists, though, usually thought they’d found a way of outsmarting the paid docks around town. Even before they’d stopped the truck, Brian and his mom

Historical Documentary of Civil War Movie Review

Historical Documentary of Civil War - Movie Review Example The films show the war in different manners and applying different methods, and it is rather interesting to compare some of them. The aim of this paper is to compare such memorable documentaries about the Civil War as The Civil War of Ken Burns, Gettysburg Stories of Valor - CIVIL WAR MINUTESTM III by Keith Carradine and The Last Days of the Civil War. The paper will compare and contrast these films and show the importance of the documentaries for our understanding of American history and its main features, characters and events, as well as explain and evaluate how they are useful and not useful in their representation of history through television. 2. The Civil War of Ken Burns is a significant example of historical documentary. The filmmakers showed the Civil War with photos, voices of people who lived through the war and informative narration that helped spectators to feel the sense of epoch and time. In addition to that, Ken Burns "often gives life to still photographs by slowly zooming-in on subjects of interest and panning from one subject to another" (Ken Burns, From Wikipedia). This effect gives spectators a good opportunity to trace the main features of the film objects and events. The film consists of nine episodes and also includes about sixteen thousand photos, images, newspaper paintings, anecdotes and insights of different historians. It covers the period from the beginning of the war with the explanations of its causes till the end of the Civil War in 1865. Ken Burns underlined that "It was something that also became a kind of 'emotional archaeology,' trying to unearth the very heart of the American experience" ( Why I decided to make The Civil War). The film photos, as well as the narration give a good notion of the Civil War events and characters - so, the film is rather useful in its representation of the Civil war and American history in general. While watching the film, people can get a vivid understanding of real war characters and events - it is very important for those who are interested in American history. Such documentaries have in general very positive significance - they develop young people's historical knowledge and induce them to be proud of their country and their heroes, and television can play one of the main roles in this process. The Ken Burns' film The Civil War proves this statement - people have an opportunity to understand the historical process, find appropriate parallels with contemporary history events and analyze the events from the historical point of view. Television is a great instrument for people's education (especially for youth), and such documentaries whe re real pictures and impressions of real people are clearly shown can promote our interest for history. Documentary films (such as Ken Burns' The Civil War) can give an evident picture of the Civil War, and from this point of view documentary films differ from historical books. In addition to that, television and media technology play growing role in our understanding of historical and as follows world problems and

Leading Global Workforce Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Leading Global Workforce - Case Study Example ernational standards of human resources by eliminating multi-faceted crises and issues among the individual participants in order to run a smooth and profitable show. For solving most of such workplace blockades, present day’s managers look for solutions that ensure a win-win outcome as the end result. This paper will discuss the importance of formulating value added reciprocal relationships between the leadership and employees by interpreting a workplace issue. According to the given case study, Fassler’s visionary approach to negotiate with the workforce strategies helped him overcome the economic crash. From there, he started experimenting with the diversification strategy in the product line. As a result, a retail chain of business helped him survive the SARS crisis in the airline catering ventures. The reason behind his survival was his ‘week on; week off’ payment basis during the recession. Fassler maintained great sense of enthusiasm to learn the food habits of neighboring countries like Korea and expanded his business from Salmon slices to Mushrooms. An innovative trade in party platters also worked well for him. During the years of business, he learned the techniques to predict the trends of the East Asian economy and adopted diversity in his product range across different marketing strategies over the fifteen years of time. As time makes way for him to retire, he is now worried about the future of the ‘Fassler Gourmet’. The very doubt about the cultural adaptability of the young engineers and their skills in making market predictions about the sales of the diversified food products makes it difficult for Fassler to take his retirement decision. Even though this one is not my own experience as an employee, I have good memory of it from my friend’s description. Coming far from East Asia to seek fortune in the United States, he had many personal problems to settle before he found a job in that company. After crossing the hurdles of everyday